Saltwater Fish
Blackcap Basslet

Species Description…

Scientific Name: Gramma melacara
Common Name: Blackcap Basslet
Species Group: Basslet
Habitat: Reef Safe
Care Level: Beginner
Temperament: Peaceful
Diet Type: Carnivore
Role in Aquarium: Community Fish
Max Fish Length: 5 (inches)
Min Aquarium Size: 30 (gallons)
Native Range: Western Atlantic, Caribbean
Gramma melacara - Blackcap Basslet

Gramma melacara (Blackcap Basslet)

Overview

  • Native to the deep reefs of the Western Atlantic, particularly in the Caribbean.
  • Recognized for its deep purple body with a bold black cap extending from the snout to the dorsal fin.
  • Closely related to the Royal Gramma but tends to be more reclusive and territorial.
  • Prefers to stay near rocky overhangs and caves for shelter and security.
  • One of the most striking basslets, making it a popular choice for reef aquariums.

Feeding

  • Carnivorous diet consisting mainly of zooplankton, small crustaceans, and copepods.
  • Readily consumes frozen and live foods such as mysis shrimp and brine shrimp.
  • Can be trained to accept high-quality pellets and flakes over time.
  • Requires multiple small feedings throughout the day for optimal health.
  • Occasionally scavenges among rockwork, feeding on microfauna and detritus.

Habitat

  • Found at depths of 10-100 meters in rocky reef crevices and coral caves.
  • Requires an aquarium with ample rock structures to provide hiding places.
  • Prefers dimly lit environments but will explore more once acclimated.
  • Best suited for reef tanks with stable water conditions and low aggression.
  • A minimum tank size of 30 gallons is recommended to support its territorial nature.

Fish Care

  • Optimal water temperature: 74-80°F (23-27°C).
  • Ideal pH range: 8.1-8.4, with a specific gravity of 1.023-1.026.
  • Resilient and hardy but requires high water quality to prevent stress.
  • Can be territorial, especially toward similar-sized basslets and grammas.
  • Regular water changes and a stress-free environment promote long-term health.

Compatibility

  • Peaceful with most tank mates but may be aggressive toward its own species.
  • Compatible with clownfish, gobies, wrasses, and other non-aggressive fish.
  • Best kept singly unless in a very large aquarium with multiple territories.
  • Reef-safe and does not harm corals, making it an excellent addition to reef tanks.
  • Should not be housed with large predators that may view it as prey.

Aquarium Behavior

  • Prefers to stay near rock formations, retreating into caves when startled.
  • Can be shy at first but becomes more active once acclimated.
  • May exhibit territorial displays toward fish encroaching on its space.
  • Known for its unique hovering and darting swimming style.
  • Thrives in an environment with plenty of shelter and minimal tank aggression.