Saltwater Aquarist

Royal Gramma

(Gramma loreto)

Royal Gramma

Species Description…

Scientific Name: Gramma loreto
Common Name: Royal Gramma
Species Group: Basslet
Habitat: Reef Safe
Care Level: Beginner
Temperament: Peaceful
Diet Type: Carnivore
Role in Aquarium: Community Fish
Max Fish Length: 3 (inches)
Min Aquarium Size: 30 (gallons)
Native Range: Western Atlantic, including the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico

Overview

  • Native to the Caribbean Sea and Western Atlantic, found near rocky reefs and coral formations.
  • Easily recognized by its striking purple anterior that transitions into a bright yellow posterior.
  • A popular choice for reef aquariums due to its peaceful nature and vibrant coloration.
  • Prefers to dwell in rock crevices, often hovering near its chosen hiding spots.
  • Generally shy but will defend its territory if provoked.

Feeding

  • Carnivorous, primarily feeding on small crustaceans, zooplankton, and copepods.
  • Readily accepts high-quality frozen foods such as mysis shrimp and brine shrimp.
  • Can be trained to eat marine pellets and flakes, though a varied diet is recommended.
  • Small, frequent feedings throughout the day help maintain health and coloration.
  • Occasionally scavenges among live rock for microfauna.

Habitat

  • Typically found at depths of 3-60 meters in reef caves and rocky overhangs.
  • Requires an aquarium setup with ample rock structures to establish territory.
  • Prefers dimly lit areas but will venture into open water when comfortable.
  • Best suited for nano and reef aquariums with stable water conditions.
  • A minimum tank size of 30 gallons is recommended to provide adequate space.

Fish Care

  • Optimal water temperature: 74-80°F (23-27°C).
  • Ideal pH range: 8.1-8.4, with a specific gravity of 1.023-1.026.
  • Highly resilient but requires clean water conditions to thrive.
  • Can be territorial if confined to a small space with other basslets.
  • Regular water changes and a stress-free environment promote longevity.

Compatibility

  • Peaceful but may become territorial toward conspecifics in small tanks.
  • Compatible with clownfish, gobies, wrasses, and other small reef fish.
  • Should not be housed with aggressive species or large predatory fish.
  • Generally ignores corals and invertebrates, making it fully reef-safe.
  • Can be housed in pairs if introduced at the same time.

Aquarium Behavior

  • Spends much of its time hovering near rock formations.
  • Curious but shy, often retreating to hiding spots when startled.
  • May engage in short bursts of territorial behavior towards similar fish.
  • Exhibits a unique head-down swimming posture when relaxed.
  • Thrives in a well-maintained aquarium with minimal stressors.